Series Overview and Common Characteristics
The core value of this series lies in the combination of the frequency accuracy and stability of its synthesized signal source with the fast sweeping capability of an analog sweep generator. They are widely used in the production and R&D testing of microwave components such as filters, amplifiers, and mixers.

Common Core Features:

Frequency Synthesis and Sweeping: Based on phase-locked loop frequency synthesis technology, it provides extremely high frequency accuracy and stability. At the same time, it features an analog sweep mode, allowing for rapid frequency sweeping like traditional sweep generators, significantly improving testing efficiency.

Wide Frequency Coverage: The frequency range extends up to the microwave band (up to 20 GHz), meeting the needs of most microwave applications then and now.

Flexible Modulation Capability: Standard AM, FM, and pulse modulation, with optional phase modulation and others available.

High Output Power: Compared to basic signal sources, they typically feature higher output power (typically up to +10 dBm or more), enabling them to drive many devices without additional amplifiers.

1. HP 83711A / HP 83711B
Frequency Range: 10 MHz to 20 GHz

Core Positioning: A broadband microwave synthesized sweep signal source covering up to 20 GHz. This is the highest frequency model in the series.

Differences Between A and B Models:

83711A: Initial model.

83711B: Improved model, typically optimized in manufacturing processes, software stability, or certain performance metrics (such as phase noise, sweep linearity). The B model is the more common and popular version.

2. HP 83712A / HP 83712B
Frequency Range: 10 MHz to 20 GHz (Note: Some sources indicate that the 83712B has a frequency range of 10 MHz to 8 GHz or 12 GHz. When purchasing, verify the specific model label. A common configuration is the 83712B covering up to 12.4 GHz or 20 GHz, but it may have slight differences in certain metrics compared to the 83711B, such as power flatness at higher frequencies. The most reliable way is to consult the instrument's datasheet or front panel label.)

Core Positioning: Similar frequency coverage to the 83711 series, but may differ in optional configurations or performance focus. In the second-hand market, the 83712B is also generally considered a high-performance model covering up to 20 GHz.

Important Note: For the 83712A/B, the specific upper frequency limit may vary. When purchasing second-hand equipment, it is essential to verify the frequency range indicated on the instrument label, as HP/Agilent may have provided different configurations based on customer orders.

Regarding the Differences Between 83711B and 83712B:
For end-users, when both are labeled as 20 GHz, their core performance is very similar. Differences may lie in default factory options or minor internal components. In practical applications, they are generally regarded as interchangeable instruments of equivalent specifications.
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